If you are like most of us in the HVAC industry, you are a hands-on person - you don‘t want to mess with a lot of theory, but just get in and get the job done. But a refrigeration system is different from most of our work. Unless you understand the basic principles covered in this article, you will never understand refrigeration. The refrigeration process operates on scientific principles that are applied to practical mechanical processes.
There are certain fundamental refrigeration design principles which are vital to the proper functioning of any system.
1. The system must be clean, dry, and free from all contaminants and other.
2. The compressor must be operated within safe temperature, pressure, and electrical limits for safe also.
3. The system must be designed and operated so that proper lubrication is maintained in the compressor at all times.
4. The system must be designed and operated so that excessive liquid refrigerant does not enter the compressor. Refrigeration compressor are designed to pump refrigerant vapor, and will tolerate only a limited quantity of liquid refrigerant.
5. Proper refrigerant feed to the evaporator must be maintained, and excessive pressure drop in the refrigerant piping must be avoided.
If these five steps are accomplished, then operation of the system is reasonably certain to be trouble free. If any one is neglected, then eventual operating problems are almost certain to occur. These basic fundamentals are closely inter-related, and must always be kept component, or whenever any change in system operation is contemplated.
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